Piston



J. REIF'.

Patented Dec. 13, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- J. REIF.

PISTON. APPLICA'HON FILED AUG-Q, I9|8.

1,399 794, v Patented Dec. 13, 1921.

2 sHEETs-sHE'ET z.

bustion engines, is

p piston.

. 1. rg. a is s ES V 'rent V ASSIGNOR O1`-FOBTY-FIVE PER cnNr. i'ro r nnBnoN, INDIANA. .f

Tov all whom it may comem:

yBe it known that I, JOSEPH Rnrr, acitizen of the United States, residing at Hebron, in` the county of Porter and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Imrovements in Pistons,flof1vvhich I do declare the Afollowing to be a full., clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification. VThe 'present invention has for its object to provide an improved piston Which, While more especially 'designed for-internal comapplicable to. other engines. The main object of the invention is to provide means WherebyA the piston may be laterally expanded so "as tocompensat'e for Wear and to insure at all'times an accurate fit and movement of the piston Within the cylinder.

The invention consists in the features of novelty hereinafter described, illustrated in the dravvings and particularly pointed out in the claims at theV endof this specification. o 1 Figure 1 is a view in vertical sectionon fline 1--1 of Fig. 2 through a cylinder containing a piston embodying 'my invention, parts being shown in elevation. Fig; 2 is a view in vertical section on line 2-42 of Fig. an inverted plan view of' the cap plate at V is adetail plan. view of a' section of packing ring-v Fig. 5` is: a detail plan view of the body portion of the piston. Fig. 6 is az` detailv plan. view showing the'relative arrange'- ment of the bar and plate for expanding the piston body and Sectional rim.

the' accompanying drawings, Azdesignat/es the cylinder, of an internal combustion engine andy B, B'- designa-te the sections forming lthe main body of my improved 'The 'main body .ofzthe piston is hollow and each of the sections and B' is provided upon its interior'with a, boss 10 having a vseatV or pocket 11 adapted to receive one end of a transverse 4pin C to;` Which Will be connected the .inner end of the piston rod'D. As shown,ribs 12 and 13 formed integral VWith each of'the bosses 10 and With the. Wall of the body sections B an'dB* serve to give greater strength tothe sections.4 By

thus forming the body of the piston. of

longitudinal* sections having interior seats Specification of Letters 2atent.. Application fiiea August e, Isis. serial the endofthe piston;V Fig.. 4'

or pocketsto receive the' pinto 'Which 'the plston rod is connected, all dangerzof' the PatentedDecf. 13 ,11921.. V

contactl of the ends of the' pin With the inner 4 y VWallf'of the cylinder is avoided;

' As shown, each of B'lis provided near the boss 10 With a seat or opening 1d and around theV interior of the body of lthe piston at one end extends an 'internal' fiange 15. .I i

Against the end of theV sections forming the main body of the pistonis .arranged an expansible metal ring, vhichyin the 'preferred embodiment, of the invention, -is formed of the sections E and onel of these sections is provided at its ends Withthin projecting metal strips e adapted to enter slots c' formed in of the oppos'ite sections; 'Upon the interior of each of the ring sections E and'lfl'` is formed a dovvnWardly and 'invvardly beveled face 16, the purpose of Which Will presently appear. Against the ring sections E and Ef bears a plate or cap the body" sections B and the opposing ends F that is preferably Ef; As-shown, f' f slightly chambered and is provided I.With a central hole justing bolt G.

Adj acent the head g 'of' the bolt G is through Which passes an adarranged a transverse bar H thatV is preferably formed of spring metalfan'd isV f bowed or has its ends Vturned. in downward direction. seats or openings 14z`y in and B" and'` their upper faces bear against the portions offthe annular fiange -beneath drawn upvvard to be" presently These endsof thebar H enter the body sectionsfB- said seats or pockets 14.' Hence, it'vvillfibew-'f 9 o movement of the ends tions of the'annular flange above 'the seats 14 sections B land B' offthe piston, and this'out- Ward thrust or movement of the piston sec- Willtend to vvedge or thrust outvvard the tions Will insure-a uniform; or square bear- 'body `against the interior ingf'of the piston surface of the cylinder. y Y p Then boltG also passes through a'plate K that ejrtendstransverselyof thering sections E andl Ef.

rf`his.l plate ,K isr preferably` formed of spring steel and its ends hemi-y "f against the inclined faces '16 of 'the ring sectionsE and'E', the shoulders at the ends of these inclined faces serving toV uard against any displacement of the plate 1 a Washer or Washers 'Aszshovvm 18 of suitable thickness wish it understood are interposed between the bar H and the plate K. Hence, it will be seen that when the adjusting bolt G is drawn upward, the ends of the Vplate K'will ride upward along the inclined seats 16 of the ring sections E and E' and will expand and force these sections outward,'causing the periphery of the ring sections to bear against the wall of the cylinder A.` A nut 20 on the bolt G serves to secureiy clamp the bar H and plate K to position upon the bolt. Upon the upper end of the bolt G is placed a Washer 21 and a threaded nut 22. By turning this nut, the head of the bolt G will be moved upward drawing'with it the bar H and plate K. The upward movement of the bar Hiwill cause the expansion or outward movement of the sections B and B' of the body of the piston, while at the same time the upward movement of the plate K Will causethe eX- pansion or outward movement of the ring sections E and E', causing these parts to be snugly engaged with the wall of the cylinder A. Inasmuch as the ring sections E and E' are' arranged to break joint with the body sections B, B5 of the piston, the lealrage of gas through the joints of the several sections is avoided.

I prefer to form the bar H and the plate of spring metal because by so doing a certain degree of flexibility is given to the sections of the piston, insuring the accurate fit Vof the piston in the cylinder, while avoiding danger the parts.,

While I have described what I regard as thepreferred embodiment of the invention I that ,the details of construction above set out may be varied without departing from the spirit of the inventlon and that features of the invention may be employed without its adoption as an enof 'binding or excessive wear of 'A 1 tirety. Thus, while I have shown a single A cap for exerting Sectional ring E, it is .sired number of such It willbe seen, also, that the feature of providing a section ring or rings` at the end obvious that any deof the piston body with spring mechanism e forpforcing said ring sections outwardly into hearing with the cylinder wall, and with a pressure upon said ring sections is important, whether the body of the piston be made of longitudinal sections or not, and for the following reason:

While the spring (such as a bar K) serves to force the ring sections into hearing with the cylinder wall, this would notl be adel ,quate to prevent the contraction of the ring sections V(and consequent leakage) under the pressure within the cylinder; but by providing at the end of the piston a cap which bears upon the ring sections, the force of the pressure within the cylinder causes this cap to so tightly clamp the ring sections between it and the piston thatthe contractionof the rings may be used;

VHaving thus described my invention, what o I claim as new and. ters Patent is i e 1, A piston of the character described, comprising a body composed of separate longitudinal sections, the walls of said sections being formed upon their interior with integral seats having closed outer ends and desire to secure by Leta pin for attachment to the piston rod, the

outer ends of said pin terminating inside said seate. v

2. The combination With a cylinder and a piston, of a cap disposed opposite to'the end of the ,pistonV and movable toward and from thel same, an expansible packing ring disposed between said cap and the piston e end and adapted to be forced outwardly into hearing with the cylinder wall, a Vbolt passing through said cap and movable therewith, and means carried by said bolt for' forcing outwardly said packing ring.

3. The combination with a cylinder and a piston, of a cap disposed opposite to the e V end of the piston and movable toward and' from the piston end, an expansible packing ring disposed between said cap and the end of the piston, and adjustablemeans extending through said cap for controlling the outward thrust upon said packing ring, said, ring being clamped in its expanded position by the pressure within the cylinder moving said cap toward the piston end. V V

4. The combination With a cylinder and a piston, of a cap disposed opposite to the outer end face of the piston and movablg toward and from the same, anexpansible packingfring interposed between said `cap and the end ofthe piston and adapted to be forced outwardly into' hearing with the cylinder wall, V p within said expansible ring and having its opposite ends engaging the interior'surface o f said ring, and means for shifting said member to adjust said ring. V V

5. A piston vof the character described, comprising'a body formed'of longitudinal sections, meansy for expandiu said sections laterally, a sectionalring at t e end of said sections and breaking joint therewith, de-

a transverse member located V tachable means for laterally expanding said 7 rod extending between and connectedto said sections, yand adjustable means forV controlably expanding said sections. Y

7. A piston of the comprisingi a body formed oflongitudina sections, a pin for attachment to'l the piston, rod extending between and connected to said character described h i sections, and adjustable means for controllably expanding said sections in the direction of the aXis of said pin.

8. A piston of the character described, comprising a body formed of longitudinal sections, a pin for attachment to the piston rod extending between and connected to saidi sections, and means for expanding said sections, said expanding means comprising a spring and means for adjusting said spring. 9. A piston of the character described, comprising a body formed of longitudinal sections, a pin for attachment to the piston rod extending between and connected to said sections, and means for expanding said sections, said expanding means comprising a transversely extending ing said bar.

10. A piston of the character described, comprising a body formed of longitudinal sections, means for controllably adjusting said sections laterally, a Sectional ring at the end of said sections and breaking joint therewith, and adjustable means for ally expanding said Sectional ring.

ll. A piston of ,the character described, comprising a body formed of longitudinal sections, means for adjusting said sections laterally, an expansible ring located at one end of said sections, a transverse bar located Within said expansible ring and having its! opposite ends engaging the interior surface of said ring, and means for shifting said bar to adjust said ring.

12. A piston of the character described, comprising a body formed of longitudinal sections, Vmeans for adjusting said sections laterally, a Sectional ring at one end of said joint with bar the ends of Which A engage said sections, and a bolt for adjustlaterf body and breaking joint therevvith, means foradjusting said ring sections laterally, a

plate adjacent said ring sections, anda bolt passing through said plate and through the means Whereby the body sections and the giig sections are adjusted, and a nut for said 13. A piston of the character described,.

comprising a body formed of adjustable sections, means for adjusting said sections, a rin formed of sections arranged to break thesections of said body, ring sections having inclined surfaces upon their interior, and an adjustable bar having ends engaging said inclined surfaces of the ring sections to expandl the same laterally. 14. A piston of the character described, comprising I sections, la plate extending across the inner ends of said sections, connected to and arranged inside said plate and adapted' toexpand said sections. 15. A piston of the character described, comprising a body formed of longitudinal sections, a plate adapted to extend over said longitudinal sections, an expansible ring inbetween said plate and the ends of terposed said longitudinal sections, and adjuxstingl means connected to said plate and arranged to expandsaid sections. a e

16. The combination With a cylinder and a piston, of an expansible packing ring on forcing said ring outhearing With the cylinder. Wall, A

said piston, means for Wardly into and meansV actuated by'pressure Within the cylinder for clamping said ring in its'expanded position. e

JOSEPH REIF.

said

and adjusting means i 

